CVE-2025-65821

Dec. 12, 2025, 3:18 p.m.

7.5
High

Description

As UART download mode is still enabled on the ESP32 chip on which the firmware runs, an adversary can dump the flash from the device and retrieve sensitive information such as details about the current and previous Wi-Fi network from the NVS partition. Additionally, this allows the adversary to reflash the device with their own firmware which may contain malicious modifications.

Product(s) Impacted

Product Versions
esp32
  • *

Weaknesses

Common security weaknesses mapped to this vulnerability.

CWE-1191
On-Chip Debug and Test Interface With Improper Access Control
The chip does not implement or does not correctly perform access control to check whether users are authorized to access internal registers and test modes through the physical debug/test interface.

References

https://gist.github.com/dead1nfluence/4dffc239b4a460f41a03345fd8e5feb5#file-uart-download-mode-enabled-md
https://github.com/dead1nfluence/Meatmeet-Pro-Vulnerabilities/blob/main/Device/UART-Download-Mode-Enabled.md

Tags

cve@mitre.org
CWE-1191
2025-12-10
CVE-2025-65821

CVSS Score

7.5 / 10

CVSS Data - 3.1

  • Attack Vector: NETWORK
  • Attack Complexity: LOW
  • Privileges Required: NONE
  • Scope: UNCHANGED
  • Confidentiality Impact: HIGH
  • Integrity Impact: NONE
  • Availability Impact: NONE

    • CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

    View Vector String

Timeline

Published: Dec. 10, 2025, 9:16 p.m.
Last Modified: Dec. 12, 2025, 3:18 p.m.

Status : Awaiting Analysis

CVE has been marked for Analysis. Normally once in this state the CVE will be analyzed by NVD staff within 24 hours.

More info

Source

cve@mitre.org

*Disclaimer: Some vulnerabilities do not have an associated CPE. To enhance the data, we use AI to infer CPEs based on CVE details. This is an automated process and might not always be accurate.