CVE-2026-40342
April 17, 2026, 8:16 p.m.
9.9
Critical
Description
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.
Product(s) Impacted
| Vendor | Product | Versions |
|---|---|---|
| Firebird |
|
|
Weaknesses
Common security weaknesses mapped to this vulnerability.
CWE-22
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
*CPE(s)
Affected systems and software identified for this CVE.
| Type | Vendor | Product | Version | Update | Edition | Language | Software Edition | Target Software | Target Hardware | Other Information |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| a | firebird | firebird | <5.0.4 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| a | firebird | firebird | <4.0.7 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
| a | firebird | firebird | <3.0.14 | / | / | / | / | / | / | / |
Tags
CVSS Score
CVSS Data - 3.1
- Attack Vector: NETWORK
- Attack Complexity: LOW
- Privileges Required: LOW
- Scope: CHANGED
- Confidentiality Impact: HIGH
- Integrity Impact: HIGH
- Availability Impact: HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Timeline
Published: April 17, 2026, 8:16 p.m.
Last Modified: April 17, 2026, 8:16 p.m.
Last Modified: April 17, 2026, 8:16 p.m.
Status : Received
CVE has been recently published to the CVE List and has been received by the NVD.
More infoSource
*Disclaimer: Some vulnerabilities do not have an associated CPE. To enhance the data, we use AI to infer CPEs based on CVE details. This is an automated process and might not always be accurate.