CVE-2025-59419

Oct. 15, 2025, 4:15 p.m.

5.5
Medium

Description

Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. In versions prior to 4.1.128.Final and 4.2.7.Final, the SMTP codec in Netty contains an SMTP command injection vulnerability due to insufficient input validation for Carriage Return (\r) and Line Feed (\n) characters in user-supplied parameters. The vulnerability exists in io.netty.handler.codec.smtp.DefaultSmtpRequest, where parameters are directly concatenated into the SMTP command string without sanitization. When methods such as SmtpRequests.rcpt(recipient) are called with a malicious string containing CRLF sequences, attackers can inject arbitrary SMTP commands. Because the injected commands are sent from the server's trusted IP address, resulting emails will likely pass SPF and DKIM authentication checks, making them appear legitimate. This allows remote attackers who can control SMTP command parameters (such as email recipients) to forge arbitrary emails from the trusted server, potentially impersonating executives and forging high-stakes corporate communications. This issue has been patched in versions 4.1.129.Final and 4.2.8.Final. No known workarounds exist.

Product(s) Impacted

Vendor Product Versions
Netty
  • Netty
  • <4.1.128.Final, <4.2.7.Final

Weaknesses

Common security weaknesses mapped to this vulnerability.

CWE-93
Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
The product uses CRLF (carriage return line feeds) as a special element, e.g. to separate lines or records, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes CRLF sequences from inputs.

*CPE(s)

Affected systems and software identified for this CVE.

Type Vendor Product Version Update Edition Language Software Edition Target Software Target Hardware Other Information
a netty netty <4.1.128.Final / / / / / / /
a netty netty <4.2.7.Final / / / / / / /

References

https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/1782e8c2060a244c4d4e6f9d9112d5517ca05120
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-jq43-27x9-3v86

Tags

security-advisories@github.com
CWE-93
2025-10-15
CVE-2025-59419

CVSS Score

5.5 / 10

CVSS Data - 4.0

  • Attack Vector: NETWORK
  • Attack Complexity: LOW
  • Attack Requirements: NONE
  • Privileges Required: NONE
  • User Interaction: NONE
  • Scope:
  • Confidentiality Impact: NONE
  • Integrity Impact: LOW
  • Availability Impact: NONE
  • Exploit Maturity: PROOF_OF_CONCEPT

    • CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

    View Vector String

Timeline

Published: Oct. 15, 2025, 4:15 p.m.
Last Modified: Oct. 15, 2025, 4:15 p.m.

Status : Received

CVE has been recently published to the CVE List and has been received by the NVD.

More info

Source

security-advisories@github.com

*Disclaimer: Some vulnerabilities do not have an associated CPE. To enhance the data, we use AI to infer CPEs based on CVE details. This is an automated process and might not always be accurate.